The Black Lives Matter ( Blm ) Movement Essay - 1809 Words

Imagine being black in America, hearing the siren of a law enforcement vehicle, with the flashing lights of red, and blue prevailing though your back window. What do you do? How do you act? Knowing that simple traffic stops like this can turn for the worse with just one false move. Recently, some African Americans, whom was unarmed, was killed by law enforcement officers for absolutely no justifiable reason. Even though the frequency of police officers killing unarmed black men is lower than the past years, social media brings it to light with the visual of the actual footage of these men being killed. These incidents of officers killing unarmed black men have been happening for the longest now; the only thing that change is that now we have camcorders that show us the incidents happening. The Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement in the United States, is comparable to the 1960’s Civil Rights Movement but includes diverse motivations and mindsets. Since the signing of the Emancipation Proclamation, according to Civil Rights movement activist Dr. Martin Luther King, â€Å"The life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination†. African Americans have been degraded as well as tarnished with different types of discrimination, causing an imbalance within many communities. As more troubles were introduced in the black communities, the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960’s had the support of the black population all over the country,Show MoreRelatedFederal Bureau Of Investigation ( Fbi ) Defines Terrorism1693 Words   |  7 Pagesone makes the argument that BLM is a terrorist group the ideology of the movement must fit within the framework stated above. First, BLM stands for â€Å"Black Lives Matter†. It, in itself is nothing more than a concept about which all else revolves. It is true, the â€Å"Black Lives Matter† movement has motivates however the motivates of these individuals is what sets them apart from other groups in which has been labeled terrorist. Unlike terrorist groups, â€Å"Black Lives Matter† is not an organization basedRead MoreThe Origin Of The Black Lives Matter Movement910 Words   |  4 Pages The origin of the Black Lives Matter movement started after the trial of Florida vs. George Zimmerman, when Zimmerman was deemed not guilty in the second degree murder of Trayvon Martin (BLM About). The movement was founded by Patrisse Cullors, Opal Tometi, and Alicia Garza (BLM Herstory). It started as a hash tag by Garza, after the Zimmerman trial but slowly became nationally known and more of a physical movement (BLM Herstory). Black lives matter focuses their objectives around the deaths ofRead MoreSocial Movements Of Canada And Ghana858 Words   |  4 PagesSocial movements are everywhere. However, the transformation and publicity this particular movement has received is admirable. During the Summer of 2015, BLM publicly challenged politicians, including those in the 2016 U.S presidential elections. A drawback of the movement is that it is decentralized and does not have the funds or people with enough power to enforce a formal structure and hierarchy within its network. One successful method the protestors employed to have their voices heard is theRead MoreGeographic Departmentalization : An Organization1627 Words   |  7 PagesGeographic Departmentalization As an organization, BLM is loosely classified as ‘geographically departmentalized.’ In other words, workers and work are organized into separate units responsible for doing ‘business’ in particular geographic areas. These groups are not organized and commissioned by a centralized BLM ‘board’ or CEO; instead, they are most often independently formed by individuals in a given area who identify with the #BlackLivesMatter message. BLM’s geographic departmentalization isRead MoreThe Modern Civil Rights Movement Began When Rosa Parks,1190 Words   |  5 PagesThe modern civil rights movement began when Rosa Parks, an African-American woman, was arrested for refusing to move to the back of the bus in Montgomery, Alabama (â€Å"Civil Rights†). Fighting for racial justice and equality is not something new, as many have been striving towards equality for centuries. Rosa Park, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr, and Barack Obama are public figures who advocated or continue to advocate the ideology behind the civil rights movement. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. instilled theRead MoreAnalysis Of Bell Hook s We Real Cool : Black Men And Masculinity840 Words   |  4 PagesCool: Black Men and Masculinity, the culprit to the Black Lives Matter (â€Å"BLM†) movement is masculine patriarchy which, in turn, reinforces racism and oppression. However, the general public fails to recognize that the Black Lives Matter Movement stemmed from oppression to black males, not the black community as a whole. Furthermore, even though this movement is intended to fight anti-Black racism, it is attempting to focus on the empowerment of black women. A. BLM History The BLM movement initiallyRead MoreBlack Lives Matter : The Civil Rights Movement Essay1460 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Black Lives Matter (BLM) is a movement against police violence that is, as argued by BLM supporters, disproportionately and systematically directed at black people. The movement has highlighted incidents in which police have harassed and killed black men and women. BLM is considered one of the most visible and controversial civil rights movement of the last decades†. (Black Lives Matter. 2016) Black Lives Matter is an American social activist group that is dedicated to preventing inequality againstRead MoreThe Black Lives Matter Movement893 Words   |  4 PagesDiscrimination is a struggle that African Americans know all too well. The Black Lives Matter strives to stand up for those wronged by society and also raise awareness to an issue that has surprisingly gone unresolved. The articles â€Å" Black lives Matter: A movement takes shape†, and â€Å" The condition of black lives is one of mourning â€Å" both show the dire need for the black lives matter movement through a combination of appeals that allows them to draw attention to different aspects of the problems withoutRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King And Black Lives Matter1279 Words   |  6 PagesDeclaration of Independence is the idea that all men are created equal, but many feel robbed of their freedom. Movements such as Martin Luther King’s fight for civil rights and the recent Black Lives Matter campaign show us that America does not treat everyone freely. Martin Luther King and Black Lives Matter take different approaches towards the same â€Å"American goal of freedom†. Black Lives Matter is a series of protests and cries for change that arose during the trial of George Zimmerman who was accusedRead MoreBlack Lives Matter Is An International Activist Movement Essay1624 Words   |  7 PagesBlack lives matter is an international activist movement that is highly supported by the African American community and was created in reaction to violence and racism towards African Americans. This movement began in 2013 when Trayvon Martin, an African American teenager was shot and killed by George Zimmerman who was a white police officer. Although the Black Lives Matter movement has many supporters, 78% of voting Americans favor All Lives Matter, a movement that criticizes Black Lives Matter,

The Hidden Secret of Writing Dissertation Service

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Leadership Global Leadership of Toshiba

Question: Discuss about the Case Study of Leadership for Global Leadership of Toshiba. Answer: Toshiba Corporation Toshiba is a multinational corporation dealing with several different products and services which include modern information technology, communication devices and equipment and systems, customer electronic components and devices, devices in the medical field, household appliances, and office machine and devices. Its most popular electronic device especially with the Toshiba computers coming with different specifications of the processor speed, display properties and different generations of computers ranging from laptops to desktop Toshiba computers. The earlier state of leadership in Toshiba is barbaric and unethical. However, the corporation has made changes to this effect of leadership. From my investigation into the previous Toshiba scandal, I realized that there was major accounting inappropriateness such as booking future profits early, disregarding possible losses, neglecting charges, and several other barbaric methods that resulted in overstated profit margins (Aronson) 2001. Despite these issues being discovered by the internal auditor and not an external auditor, the management who are exercising bad leadership practice did cut down his rights of expression and was silenced and forced to deliver his duties to the bosses. This is a perfect scenario where ethical framework to the workers is heavily affected and abused by the company management and carrying out scandalous activities. I have also noted that the employees received no direct instructions from the CEOs, but instead, the high management set unachievable targets for the workers (Ito) 2015. This has made the employees postpone losses and lie by bringing forward the sales. And because of their selfishness and self-centered character, the CEO and top management have taken advantage of the Japanese corporate culture which heavily displays obedience, respect, and loyalty to their bosses which have led people lower in the chair to do whatever they had to. this included abandoning the making of decis ion for oneself as an ethical framework and manipulating the account figures through booking future profits early, disregarding possible losses, neglecting charges and several other barbaric methods that resulted in overstated profit margins to meet their bosses demands (Russell) 2015. The management has also enforced the manipulation of Toshiba accounts. Looking into Toshiba accounting practices starting 2009 to 2014 I have discovered a chain of inappropriate accounting errors made during entry that amounted 152 billion Japanese Yen, about 1.2 billion United States Dollars, of net profit, brought about through the visual production unit, semiconductor unit, and the personal computer unit. I have also noted that top executives, with Toshiba President Hisao Tanaka and his by then predecessors Norio Sasaki and Atsutoshi Nishida, were directly part of the manipulation, yet the company had no internal system to prevent them from the scandal (Ahmadjian) 2016. I have also realized that the goal of the president is to gain profit by the quarter, thus setting high targets, making subordinate staff improve the companys performance through the manipulation of accounts. I have also found the means in which leaders at Toshiba have handed down exaggerated profit targets. This r esulted in challenges to the business units and hence the initiation of manipulation, and bad leadership practice starts here (Russell) 2015. Considerations That Have To Be Made When Determining Effective Leadership A successful leadership program starts with the alignment of the leadership development with the company strategy and understanding the various types of leadership styles that are needed to execute the strategy. When determining an effective leadership, the following considerations has to be made (Mumford, Marks, Connelly, Zaccaro, and Reiter-Palmon) 2000; a) determination of the best leadership strategy for the organization Various theories stipulate techniques for the determination of the best leadership style for an organization. Like, for example, the situational leadership argues that the best type of leadership is given by the situational variables at hand. However, it is important to note that identification of the type of leadership by this style for any organization involves approaches including the kind of work, the complexity of the firm and qualification of the workers. The leadership style that is required by the head of corporate security would obviously be different from the leadership style of a museum director (Rainey) 2010. b) Identification of the current and potential leaders within an organization An evaluation of the potential leaders within an organization is a crucial consideration when determining effective leadership. This can be achieved by starting a leadership program to identify and pick the expected leadership potentials, skill, and competence within the workforce. c) Identification of leadership gaps in the organization To achieve this, the organization should; Determine the present and future requirements in leadership Compare those requirements with the existing leadership team Identification of present leaders who may leave Identification of succession plans for those who may leave Determination of gaps in skills and the possible time required to fill those gaps (Sosik, and Godshalk) 2000. d) Development of a succession plan for the identified critical roles A good succession plan is excellent for productivity as such plans help avoid disruption of the production process and employee trauma when the in charge leader leaves. Creation of a succession plan for the available critical positions should not exclusively be confined to the executive board (Palmer, Walls, Burgess, and Stough) 2001. e) Development of career planning goals for the potential leaders Career planning in most cases is considered an individual responsibility. However, companies that support career planning for their workforce gain in engagement, retention and protection of the leadership pipeline. Research shows that employees need more than work. They need a higher level of engagement that the employers are currently not providing. Even though employers are not actively looking for a job, other companies tend to snatch employees and giving the "greener pastures" and if a company does not incorporate the employees in career planning and advancement opportunities, the competitor firms will. Career planning helps motivate and retain talent in an organization (Leban, and Zulauf) 2004. f) Developments of skills roadmaps for the expected future leaders After the identification of high potential employees, they should come up with a roadmap for future leaders. And because workers learn and develop skills both outside and inside the classroom, coming up with a development program can be crucial to support both the traditional and nontraditional learning. And to boost formal learning activities such as rotational assignment, coaching, job shadowing, project leadership and mentor relationship should be incorporated as part of the workers development plan (Yukl) 2002. g) Development of retention programs for leaders both current and potential ones Monetary and gift rewards can be used to boost the retention of the employees. However, special attention needs to be focused on the high performers and potential leaders employees. The linking of pay to performance output can be a motivating factor for an employee. However, goal alignment can prove helpful to potential leaders to stay focused on what is important to the organization (Mumford, Zaccaro, Harding, Jacobs, and Fleishman) 2000. Analysis of leadership styles and the appropriate leadership styles for the leadership of the organization. There are types of leadership styles like; 1. Servant leadership This type of leadership has its basis on the desire to serve and that in the course of serving one may be called to lead. It is characterized by the servant leader serving others rather than others serving the leader (Spears) 2004. The leader achieves this by aiding the follower to achieve and improve. Skills associated with the servant leaders is awareness to workers situation and needs, listening, persuasion, to believe, foresight and stewardship (Gregory Stone, Russell, and Patterson) 2004. 2. Transaction leadership This is a leadership process that puts emphasis on leaders to influence a process over follower. It is characterized by the leader identifying a worker's need and meets them and in return, he will expect certain objectives and performances are met (Politis) 2001. 3. Situational leadership This form of leadership is characterized by the leader taking account forces that may occur in the situation. Here the leaders are determined by the situation and his behavior changes according to the ability and confidence of the employees in a given situation. The leader changes his style of leadership according to his/her analysis of the worker's readiness to face a particular situation. The readiness here is mainly a subject of the level of motivation and competence of the workforce (Eagly, and Johannesenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Schmidt) 2001. 4. Transformation leadership This leadership style focuses on the emerging motives, value, desires and goals of leaders and the employees on a common cause. This form of leadership aims at generating the employee's commitment to the idea and vision of the company rather than to themselves. This style is characterized by the expansion of the interests of the followers, creating awareness and commitment to the organization values (Eagly, Johannesen-Schmidt, and Van Engen) 2003. The appropriate leadership styles for the leadership of the Toshiba Corporation are servant leadership where the corporation management other that forcing the employees to meet certain unattainable target they should involve themselves in the production process and set good examples in the production field (Priest, and Gass) 2005. Another is the situational leadership style where the management upon realization of the losses the company would face, they would have made a quick and correct decision based on the situation to curb and control the loss. The transformation leadership style can also be incorporated in Toshiba. The organization could take advantage of the Japanese loyal and hardworking nature to nature organizational values, motives, desire and goals hence generating the employee's commitment to the organization and not to themselves and this would greatly improve their productivity (Keegan, and Den Hartog) 2004. Leadership Roles And Its Impact On The Effectiveness On Toshiba At Toshiba Corporation, the leadership role is entirely dependent on the leadership structure present in the organization. Here is a breakdown of the leadership structure at Toshiba. There is a board of directors that have been elected by the shareholders. The board of directors comprises of two representatives. The first being category involves those chosen from within the company. This in example entails the CEO, CFO and the manager at Toshiba. The second type of representative entails those selected externally and are considered to be independent of the company. The role of this board in Toshiba is to monitor the Toshiba Corporation management and taking the role of acting and advocates for the stockholders in the company. There are charged with a responsibility of ensuring that the shareholders' claims and interests are well served. At Toshiba, these board members can be divided into three categories; a) The manager at Toshiba; Technically he is considered the leader of Toshiba Corporation. He is the one responsible for smooth and the effective running of Toshiba. His main duties entail maintenance of secure communication with the high-level officers especially the chief executive officer. He is also charged with the formulation of the company business strategy and the representation of the management and the board at large to the general public b) Inside directors; This director at Toshiba is charged with the role of approving high-level budget prepared by the management. Also, he is in charge of the implementation and the monitoring of Toshiba strategies. Also the approval of Toshiba corporate initiatives and new projects. c) Outside directors; In Toshiba, they are too charged with the same responsibility as the inside directors. However, unlike inside directors the don not directly form part of the management team (Mumford, Campion, and Morgeson) 2007. The management team This is responsible for the daily running of Toshiba. This include; 1) Chief executive officer; The is responsible for the entire operations and reports directly to the board of directors and the chairperson. He is charged with the responsibility of implementing the board initiatives and decisions (Ellis Jr) 2011. 2) Chief operation officer; He is responsible for Toshiba operations. He is responsible for personnel, production, marketing, and sales issue of Toshiba. 3) Chief financial officer; At Toshiba, the chief financial officer is charged with the task of the analysis and reviewing of the financial data. He also reports financial performance, monitor expenditures, and costs, and prepares budgets. He is required to present the financial information to the board of directors at regular intervals (Dulewicz, and Higgs) 2005. The leadership structure Toshiba is excellent. Especially after the reforms that we made to ensure the avoidance of financial scandal the corporation had faced before they are more keep on the leadership roles. This has enabled the corporation to bail itself out of the financial woes that had earlier faced Toshiba, come up with better production channels and invention of designs for their products and the expansion of their marketing bases to new geographical areas and now the corporation is again making profits. No one could have believed this especially after the global humiliation the company faced from the exaggeration of their profits margin. However, from the smart and achievable strategies placed to progress by the directors the company is back in the market and has attained its market share proving even more competitive in the production of computers and semiconductors. Openness has been restored in the corporation and the abuse of workers in an attempt to gain unachievable p rofits has been stopped. Motivation and employee empowerment are some of the key factors that Toshiba has incorporated to ensure increased productivity and sales in the corporation (Hiller, Day, and Vance) 2006. Leadership Skills And The Appropriate Ones For Toshiba Leaders a. Communication The ability to listen, ask questions, provision of feedback and the generation of an effective two-way communication builds trust among the leaders and the employees. And can prevent performance issues. The ability to incorporate various communication styles with the aim of articulating goals and the objectives of the company paves the way for a healthy working relationship (Hiller, Day, and Vance) 2006. b. Effective management skills This is a technique to develop workers' productivity through effective and appropriate leadership style based on different individual skills, performance, and needs (Bell, and Kozlowski) 2002. c. Emotional intelligence and empathy This is the ability of a leader to put the issues, concerns and needs of their workforce ahead of their own. The ability to show concern, empathize, understand, engage and encourage and connect directly with the working force shows a key feature of excellent leadership skills. d) Upholding values and integrity To inspire and lead the workforce, the leader must possess honesty and integrity. He must set a good example as leaders with a strong sense of character do possess the sense of always doing what is right, and this can be enumerated by the workers (Leskiw, and Singh) 2007. e) Vision The leader must have a sense of direction. Where he sees his company shortly and the goal, the company is to achieve. The leader must possess the ability to share and mobilize the workforce towards the achievement of a common goal (Fry, and Kriger) 2009. Leaders at Toshiba should adopt communication in which the leaders will avail themselves ready to listen and act upon the employees complaints and suggestions. Visionary in which the leaders should be able to mobilize the workforce toward the attainment and realization of Toshiba goals and dreams (Webb) 2011. They should also uphold value and integrity in that they should set good moral and ethical practices. They should also possess emotional intelligence and empathy in that they should listen carefully and act upon the workers' complaints. They should also possess excellent management skills and knowledge of good recordkeeping, problem-solving, identification of market gaps among others (Mumford, Campion, and Morgeson) 2007. The Impact Of Emotional Intelligence On Successful Leadership And Its Relevance To The Toshiba Emotional intelligence is the ability of a person to understand and comprehend the emotions and relationships. He/ she will then utilize this knowledge to solve problems. The emotional intelligence contributes to leadership effectiveness in his/her administrative role. From research, it has been discovered that leaders with high emotional intelligence tend to be better performers at achieving their personal or organization goals and dreams in their outcomes (Dulewicz, and Higgs) 2003. For leaders with high emotional intelligence can control other employees' emotions and understand peoples' feelings and direct their attitude and feeling toward the success of their performance and the success of the organization at large. Leaders should learn to understand and handle different employees feeling and emotions as it will prove crucial to the smooth running of the organization (Goleman, Boyatzis, and McKee) 2013. Emotional intelligence should be transformed into transformational behavior b y leaders to boost the productivity of workers. In an organization, leaders and the subordinate staff should be aware of their feelings and the feeling of each other as the leader can sometimes make a decision based on the emotions through communication with group guide on the employee's thinking and behavior. Emotional intelligence entails understanding the workforces; emotion and knowing how to manage them based on these emotions (Alon, and Higgins) 2005. Toshiba Corporation leaders show emotional intelligence. Unlike before when the managerial staff didn't care of the employees' emotion and continually pressurized them to be more and more production with no concern whatsoever on the employees' strains, complaints and emotions because they were just focused on gaining more profits (Addady) 2015. The situation has changed under the new management system after the previous CEO quit the organization. The employee's emotions are taken care of and their woes and worries, complaints and suggestions are taken into great consideration. The organization has also developed a department entirely focused on the handling of employees' complaints with an aim to provide the best working environment for their workers. This has greatly boosted productivity as shown by the company profits margin that has been releasing the previous years. The management has been sensitized about emotional intelligence, and this has resulted in the managerial staff list ening and acting upon the employee's concerns. The penalty has also been imposed by the organization for those staff who don't exercise emotional concern for the needs of the employees, and this provided a perfect working environment for them hence the boost in productivity. Summary And Conclusion Of Key Points Effective leadership is a key factor for the success of the business. Leadership skills like communication, integrity, and honesty, vision and emotional intelligence play a major role in the success of the business. This is so because it boosts the employee confidence and spirit of work in the organization. Several leadership styles should be incorporated in an organization to fuel the achievement of the company's goal. Servant leadership is best suited for improving success through enumeration of what the boss is doing. Situational leadership is best suited for an opportunistic chance of during dire situation where the immediate and correct response is needed. Transformative leadership aims at improving the productivity of workers through their self-motivation to the organization (Van Rooy, and Viswesvaran) 2004. Effective leaderships should be chosen and determined. Actions like the adoption of the best leadership strategy and identification of current and potential leaders should be put in place. Coming up with a succession plan would prove vital in the case where leadership gaps have been identified. Career planning should be put in place by an organization to help solidify loyalty of employees as it gives them hope of the future promotion and prevents best talents and performers in the organization from being snatched by rival firms (Jennings) 2015. PART B: 1.Key / Important Learning Why are they important? How will you benefit from them? Features of effective leadership in an organization. Considerations to be made when implementing effective leadership The various leadership styles. Effective management skills These are important because they form the basis for an effective management practice in an organization. Through proper management technique, a manager can organize and define the factors of production such as capital, labor, land in achieving the best output capacity for his/ her organization. Through effective management skills like integrity, trust is developed between the employer and employee. I will be able to choose the best leadership style for my business organization after a serious analysis of the leadership styles present like the servant, transactional, transformative and situational leadership I will be able to select the perfect style depending on the goal and the urgency of the results. I will also be able to incorporate features of effective leadership like the adoption of the best leadership strategy and identification of current and potential leaders. I will also come up with a succession plan would prove vital in the case where leadership gaps have been identified. I will also incorporate effective management skills like open communication, integrity, and honesty, visionary and emotional intelligence which plays a major role in the success of the business. This is so because it boosts the employee confidence and spirit of work in the organization. 2. Achievement of Module Objectives How will it contribute to your personal development? How will it impact your professional life? The achievement of module objectives takes patience, excellent management skills, practice of the appropriate leadership styles suite to both the organizational structure regarding size and the management technique The methods used in the achievements of the module objective contribute to my personal development in that I can organize myself, plan my time, plan the activities and go to indulge in and when for the maximum output results of my life and to gain more for the limited resources and time I have. The achievement of module objectives will also boost my personal value like confidence, the spirit of work and set up of goals when tackling any life situation that comes my way Achievement of modules will impact on my professional life in that learning the various strategies I went through to achieve the module objectives I can as well incorporate them into my professional life to attain the best out of me in my area of work. Achievement of module objective will also help me develop and practice crucial skills that I attained in the learning process like time management and combining of the factors of production to realize the best out of my professional life. 3. Barriers or Obstacles Faced How did you overcome them? There was disagreement and continuously changing of the strategies to be implemented to achieve our objectives. The decision-making process was huge and lengthy which consumed a lot of time which could have been spent realizing the objectives. The was the lack of adequate resources. There were unclear expectations of the quantity and quality of the product Setting up of exaggerated goal that could only be achieved under heavy supply of resources and capital. A committee was established to deal with fast decision-making the process to the whole group to minimize tome wastage which could have been used productively. The available resources were used economically. Some did use for more that one function with the aim of generation the final product and hence realizing the set goal. We did revise our goals and set realistic ones that we could achieve without straining the various factor of production. The issue of unclear expectation was fixed by carrying out a market research and determination of the exact market and production output. This enabled clear the doubt of what products to indulge in and on what quantity and quality output should we produced for it to be fully accepted in the market 4. Skills Acquired How are they important to your future learning? How are they important to your professional work? I acquired the following skills; Leadership skills Organizational skills Accounting skills Communication skills Negotiation skills Management skills Leadership skill is important to my future learning as I can hold a leadership position in future. Organizational skills are important because I will be able to organize myself effectively in future learning. Accounting skills are important as it formed the basis of accounting career in me for future learning. Management skills are important as I will be able to manage my tie and production utilities even better in future learning The accounting skill is important to my professional career as I will be able to manage money more easily and effectively to avoid losses. Management skills are important as they have formed a basis where I can manage workers in an organization. Communication skills are essential as it has given be the basis that I can use to communicate with workforce and share ideas and understand what they find a challenge. Organization skills can prove profitable in that I can clearly organize viable activities with the organization for each employee of the business to follow. Negotiation skill can prove useful when trying to find the best prices for a product either with a buyer or supplier. Other Reflections There was the issue of waste disposal management, and concern was raised that the after extraction of the important production components from the was materials the waste was being through just anyhow to the environment. Water used in washing was also directed to water bodies, and this proved hazardous to the marine life. However, after a lengthy discussion, it was agreed upon that the solid waste material should be carried to city council waste disposal area, and the waste water from washing be channeled to the sewers where they will be disposed appropriately. References Addady, M. (2015). Toshibas accounting scandal is much worse than we thought. Ahmadjian, C. (2016). Good Governance, Bad Culture: The Toshiba Scandal. In 28th Annual Meeting. Sase. Alon, I. and Higgins, J.M. (2005). Global leadership success through emotional and cultural bits of intelligence. Business Horizons, 48(6), pp.501-512. Aronson, E. (2001). Integrating leadership styles and ethical perspectives. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences/Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration, 18(4), pp.244-256. Bell, S. and Kozlowski, W. (2002). Typology of Virtual Teams implications for an effective leadership. Group Organization Management, 27(1), pp.14-49. Dulewicz, V. and Higgs, M. (2003). Leadership at the top: The need for the emotional intelligence in an organization. International Journal of the Organizational Analysis, 11(3), pp.193-210. Dulewicz, V. and Higgs, M. (2005). Assessing leadership styles and organizational context. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 20(2), pp.105-123. Eagly, A.H. and Johannesenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Schmidt, M.C. (2001). The leadership styles of women and men. Journal of social issues, 57(4), pp.781-797. Eagly, A.H., Johannesen-Schmidt, M.C. and Van Engen, M.L. (2003). Transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles: a meta-analysis comparing women and men. Psychological Bulletin, 129(4), p.569. Ellis Jr, W.B. (2011). Chief Executive Officer. Policy, 404, pp.687-3515. Fry, L., and Kriger, M. (2009). Towards theory of Being-centered leadership: Multiple levels of being as context for effective leadership. Human Relations, 62(11), pp.1667-1696. Gardner, H. and Laskin, E. (2011). Leading minds: An anatomy of leadership. Basic Books. Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. and McKee, A. (2013). Primal Leadership: Unleashing the power of emotional intelligence. Harvard Business Press. Gregory Stone, A., Russell, R.F. and Patterson, K. (2004). Transformational versus servant leadership: A difference in leader focus. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 25(4), pp.349-361. Hiller, N.J., Day, D.V. and Vance, R.J. (2006). Collective enactment of leadership roles and team effectiveness: A field study. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(4), pp.387-397. Ito, S., 2015. Toshiba president, top executives, quit over $1.2 bn scandals. News. Yahoo. Com. Jennings, M.M. (2015). Toshiba Lessons: on not being so judgmental of the company or Japan. Corporate Finance Review, 20(2), p.36. Keegan, A.E. and Den Hartog, D.N. (2004). Transformational leadership in a project-based environment: a comparative study of the leadership styles of project managers and line managers. International journal of project management, 22(8), pp.609-617. Leban, W. and Zulauf, C. (2004). Linking of emotional intelligence abilities and transformational leadership styles. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 25(7), pp.554-564. Leskiw, S.L. and Singh, P. (2007). Leadership development: learning from best practices. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 28(5), pp.444-464. Mumford, D, Marks, A., Connelly, S., Zaccaro, J. and Reiter-Palmon, R. (2000). Development of leadership skills: Experience and timing. The Leadership Quarterly, 11(1), pp.87-114. Mumford, M.D., Zaccaro, S.J., Harding, F.D., Jacobs, T.O. and Fleishman, E.A. (2000). Leadership skills for changing world: Solving complex social problems. The Leadership Quarterly, 11(1), pp.11-35. Mumford, T.V., Campion, M.A. and Morgeson, F.P. (2007). The leadership skills strata plex: Leadership skill requirements across organizational levels. The Leadership Quarterly, 18(2), pp.154-166. Palmer, B., Walls, Burgess, and Stough. (2001). Emotional intelligence and effective leadership. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 22(1), pp.5-10. Politis, J.D. (2001). The relationship of various leadership styles to knowledge management. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 22(8), pp.354-364. Priest, S. and Gass, M.A. (2005). Effective leadership in adventure programming. Human Kinetics. Rainey, D.L. (2010). Sustainable business development: inventing a future through strategy, innovation, and leadership. Cambridge University Press. Russell, G.W. (2015). Will Toshiba's Scandal Bring About a Change Needed in Corporate Governance? GAA Accounting, May, 10. Sosik, J.J. and Godshalk, M. (2000). Leadership styles, mentoring functions received, and jobà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ related stress: a conceptual model and preliminary study. A Journal of organizational behavior, 21(4), pp.365-390. Spears, L.C. (2004). Practicing servantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ leadership. Leader to Leader, 2004(34), pp.7-11. Van Rooy, D.L, and Viswesvaran, C. (2004). Emotional intelligence: The meta-analytic investigation of predictive validity and the nomological net. A Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65(1), pp.71-95. Webb, K.S. (2011). Emotional intelligence and business success. Available at SSRN 1948065. Yukl, G.A. (2002). Leadership in organizations.

Reflection Essay Example

Reflection Essay The purpose of this assignment is to discuss the contribution of reflective practice for clinical nursing. Reflection has been defined as a way for individuals to â€Å"capture their experience, think about it, mull it over and evaluate† (Boud et al 1985: 19) Argyris and Schon (1974) suggest that practitioners often practice at less than effective levels because they follow routine. Johns (1995) implies that action can be taken through reflection to increase effectiveness in practice as reflection provides opportunities for self development as professionals and individuals (Hinchliff et al. 1993). Bishop and Scott (2001) believe Clinical nursing is fundamental to nursing practice, that it provides expertise that are used to bring high quality care to patient’s that is not likely to be provided by a lay person. During this assignment I will discuss Christopher Johns model of structured reflection and Donald Schon’s model of reflection on and in action and his coac hing theory and other methods that contribute to the reflecting process. I will identify how the models then relate to clinical practice and how nursing has changed. Carper (1978) Identified that as individuals have different ways of thinking and knowledge differentiates it is some times helpful to refer to a framework to assist reflection. Johns et al    (2002)    built on Carper’s theory and constructed a model for structured reflection. His model has a series of cue’s that are set out in a logical order which prompt progression of thought and reflecting to be explored. (Johns 2000) This model is used for analysis of critical incidents as well as more general experiences. Over a period of time Johns has continually tested the adequacy of his model and has developed it. Similar to Johns model is The reflective Cycle (Gibbs 1988). This model guides the practitioner through the cycle which encourages the practitioner to describe a situation, analyse their feelings, evaluate experiences, and consider other options and what they would do if the situation arose again. (Palmer et al 1994) Both Johns and Gibbs models are forms of guided reflection. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This form of reflection helps the reflector to go into more detail and pushes the practitioner to critically evaluate their practice. Bulman and Schutz (2004) acknowledge that critical analysis is a key skill in reflective practice as it allows practitioners to identify strengths as well as weaknesses. This type of reflection is beneficial for clinical nurses as it gives them structure ti their thinking and can guide them through a thoughtful process to achieve higher levels of reflection. Schon built a theory of reflection on and in action. Reflection in action is a process to help you influence what you are working on, while you are working on it. He also strongly believes that when in practice practitioners can learn from the experts around them through the artistry of coaching. Reflection on action is a retrospective process to help you reflect on things you have already done usually involving a critical incident, examining it to find new understanding of the incident and what can be done differently to improve practice. Although Schon considered reflection on action a useful tool for practitioners he concentrated on the theory of Reflection in action. Where education can combine teaching of applied science with coaching to equip professionals with the skills and knowledge within the realities of practice. (Schon 1987). Eraut (1994) criticizes Schons work, as Schon bases a large emphasis on Coaching from professionals. Eraut points out that not all professional practitioners make good coaches as while In action they are transferring expertise with no supporting evidence. Eraut goes on to suggest that that Schons reflection on action is less problematic and that one can extend their knowledge base more effectively by reflecting after an action has occurred. Johns model is more theory based and requires more questions to be self answered and evaluated, where as Schons model has a larger emphasis on learning from the environment and the experts around them through coaching. Nursing has changed over the years from a period where nurses were subordinate to physicians and they weren’t able to have an input of there own concerns. By law and custom nurses are subordinate to physicians. At the same time, it captures the nurse’s critical role in executing the physicians work. † (Melosh, B. 1982, p. 7) As time moved on The United Kingdom Central Council (UKCC) published the document The Scope of Professional practice. Scope allows nurses to undertake new roles and enables them to take on responsibilities beyond the traditional boundaries tha t no longer than 20 years ago, still existed. Clinical nurses now have a more pro active role that enables them to work autonomously giving them higher responsibility. UKCC 2000) (1992). Jowett et al (1999) found that the impact of scope on practitioners was considerable as they were now exploring the principals of scope and what effects this might have on their practice. Boud and Walker (1991) believe that people need to be able to learn from their experience in order to accept positions of responsibility. Seeing that nurses are taking on a more hands on approach, reflecting in clinical practice enables practitioners to increase self-awareness, initiative, proactivity and personal responsibility for learning and development. As Palmer et al (1994) points out, some times nurses have to make decisions in a patients best interest and may have to deviate from a protocol in some way. This is where Schons reflection in and on action would prove useful. This would show that practitioners are using evidence based clinical nursing to gain a higher standard of awareness of how to tend to the needs of the individual patient, empowering them to link their theory to practice through reflection. Bulman and Schutz (2004) believe to achieve a satisfactory out come from reflection, the skill of synthesis is highly significant. Synthesis enables clinical nurses, after reflection, to integrate new knowledge, feelings and attitudes with previous knowledge and to devise an action or outcome from their reflection. This may be an action plan, something that needs to change or stay the same. Synthesis involves making decisions based on new ideas but linking them to past beliefs and values. While reflection is perceived to play an important role in the development of effective clinical nursing, there is lack of evidence to prove that engaging in reflective practice actually changes or in any way benefits clinical nursing practice. Andrews et al. 1998) Improvement in clinical practice is clearly the aim of reflection, this is why authors such as Jordan (1988) and Boud et al (1985) have highlighted the need for evaluation strategies. Throughout this assignment it has been exposed that there are models available to guide practitioners through reflective practice. There has been an emphasis based on the need for criti cal analysis and the need for synthesis after reflection. Both of these are critical to reflective clinical practice to achieve satisfactory outcome. It has been brought to attention that Clinical practice has progressed over the years from a medically led, task orientated job, to an autonomous, reflective, proactive profession. The contribution of reflective practice has played a major part in this progression, as nurses are learning and building a wider knowledge base. Clinical nurses are there fore able to identify areas of strength and weakness within their practice through reflection and interventions can be made to ensure the highest levels of clinical nursing are being obtained. References Argyris, C. and Schon, D. (1974) Theory in Practice. Jossey Bass, San Francisco. Bishop, V and Scott, I (2001) Challenges in clinical practice: Professional developments in nursing. Palgrave. Basingstoke. Boud, D. , Keogh, R and Walker, D. (1985) Promoting reflection in learning: A model in reflection. Pg 19. Kogan Page. London. Boud, D. amp; Walker, D. (1991) Experience and Learning: Reflection at Work, Geelong, Victoria, Deakin University Book Production Unit. Bulman, C. and Schutz, S. (2004). Reflective practice in nursing. 3rd Edition. Blackwell Publishing. Oxford. Eraut, M. (1994) Developing professional knowledge and competence. Falmer Press. London. Hinchliff, S. M. , Norman, S. E. , Schober, J. E. (1993) Nursing practice and health care. 2nd Ed. Edward Arnold. London. Johns, C. (1995) Framing learning through reflection within Carper’s ways of knowing in nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 22: 226-34 Johns, C. (2000) Becoming a reflective practitioner. A reflective a nd holistic approach to clinical nursing, practice development and clinical supervision. Blackwell Science. Oxford. Johns, C. (2002) Guided Reflection: Advancing Practice. Blackwell Publishing. Oxford. Jowett, s. , Peters, M. and Wilson-Barnett, J. (1999) The impact of scope – practitioners views on its relevance and potential for service development. Nursing Times Research. 4 (6): 422-31 Melosh, B. (1983). The Physicians Hand Work culture and conflict in American nursing. Philadelphia, Temple University Press, Palmer, A. Burns, S and Bulman, C (1994) Reflective practice in nursing: the growth of the professional practitioner. Blackwell scientific publications. Oxford. Schon, D. A. (1987) Educating the reflective practitioner. Jossey Bass, San Francisco. UKCC. (1992) The United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing. The Scope of Professional practice UKCC. London NHS. Teaching Primary Care Trust. NMC http://www. brentpct. nhs. uk/doxpixandgragix/NP03SCOPEOFPROFESSIONALNUR. pdf. Accessed 04/12/2007 UKCC. (2000) Nursing And Midwifery Council: Perceptions of the scope of Professional practice. http://www. nmc-uk. org/(xsnqskjdq2e5yg55qwq12555)/aFrameDisplay. aspx? DocumentID=659. Accessed 04/12/2007

buy custom Nursing Paper Example on Transition

buy custom Nursing Paper Example on Transition Role Transition Theory in Nursing My Models of Transition in Nursing Bridges transition model also referred to as Transition shock model reflects how people feel in the moment when the change occurs. In my case it reflects my feelings as a new student nurse into the profession. The substantive new graduate nursing transition model gives grounds for a relatively narrow outlook of complete socialization of the profession Im joining. According to Cowen and Moorhead (2011), the model looks at motivating and inspiring the future groups in profession. It calls for coming together in creating a tactical plan that can redirect, address and repeatedly display the challenges. Many nurses might face anxiety when being officially introduced into their profession. It is this joint effort that has the prospective to produce a transformative change in the restraint. Undoubtedly, the first professional role of the graduate nurse is itself a distinctive stage in their specialized journey. It should also create a magnified image of the certainties all nurses face on an everyday basis. As such, progressing transition knowledge of the student nurse has the latent to affect the entire career by making noticeable the existing challenges.

End- or Endo- Biology Prefixes and Suffixes

End- or Endo- Biology Prefixes and Suffixes The prefix (end- or endo-) means within, inside or internal. Examples Endobiotic (endo-biotic) - referring to a parasite or symbiotic organism that lives within the tissues of its host. Endocardium (endo-cardium) - inner membrane lining of the heart that also covers heart valves and is continuous with the inner lining of blood vessels. Endocarp (endo-carp) - the hard inner layer of pericarp that forms the pit of ripened fruit. Endocrine (endo-crine) - refers to the secretion of a substance internally. It also refers to glands of the endocrine system that secrete hormones  directly into the blood. Endocytosis (endo-cytosis) - transport of substances into a cell. Endoderm (endo-derm) - inner germ layer of a developing embryo that forms the lining of the digestive and respiratory tracts. Endoenzyme (endo-enzyme) - an enzyme that acts internally to a cell. Endogamy (endo-gamy) - internal fertilization between flowers of the same plant. Endogenous (endo-genous) - produced, synthesized or caused by factors within an organism. Endolymph (endo-lymph) - the fluid contained within the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. Endometrium (endo-metrium) - inner mucous membrane layer of the uterus. Endomitosis (endo-mitosis) - a form of internal mitosis in which chromosomes replicate, however the division of the nucleus and cytokinesis do not occur. It is a form of endoreduplication. Endomixis (endo-mixis) - reorganization of the nucleus that occurs within the cell in some protozoans. Endomorph (endo-morph) - an individual with a heavy body type predominated by tissue derived from the endoderm. Endophyte (endo-phyte) - a plant parasite or other organism that lives within a plant. Endoplasm (endo-plasm) - the inner portion of the cytoplasm in some cells such as protozoans. Endorphin (endo-dorphin) - a hormone produced within an organism that acts as a neurotransmitter to reduce the perception of pain. Endoskeleton (endo-skeleton) - an organisms internal skeleton. Endosperm (endo-sperm) - tissue within the seed of an angiosperm that nourishes the developing plant embryo. Endospore (endo-spore) - an inner wall of a plant spore or pollen grain. It also refers to a non-reproductive spore produced by some bacteria and algae. Endothelium (endo-thelium) - thin layer of epithelial cells that form the inner lining of blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and heart cavities. Endotherm (endo-therm) - an organism that generates heat internally to maintain constant body temperature.

Motivation Statement Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Motivation Statement - Assignment Example I want to pursue an employment position with Sony Corporation as this would allow me the flexibility to choose between the different paths available under the graduate entry scheme. The fact that the corporation offers me the option to choose either a career in the Research and Development or Engineering section or any of the other career paths after the mandatory year in training makes the position attractive to me. The first year needs to be spent in the Graduate Entry scheme with the corporation providing me the necessary acclimatization and the consequent career choices that are available. The current state of the Electronics industry offers much scope for innovation and quality control with the latest efforts in Six Sigma and Zero Defect initiatives offering graduates with expertise in quality certifications the chance to move up the ladder. Since I have undergone several courses related to quality control, I believe that I have the skills to carry out the necessary audits and programs designed to train personnel towards Quality control. Thus, I believe that I have the necessary background to specialize in these fields. The focus of Sony corporation’s efforts towards quality control dovetails with my own emphasis on the same and I would like to be part of the initiative and apply whatever I have learned so far. The Electronics industry is highly quality conscious and it is in this field that I plan to work and give my best towards the efforts to maintain quality. Finally, my understanding of the current economic situation is that the Industry would devote more time to innovation and productivity and I hope to maximize my utility to the company given the emphasis that I have placed in these fields till now. Thus, I would like to be part of the corporation’s graduate entry program. I hope my skills and expertise would be rewarded for doing so.

Managing Multinational Operations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Managing Multinational Operations - Essay Example From this perspective, China now stands as an investment heaven for foreign investors due to several factors, such as cheap labor, incentives for multinational companies, and relaxation in tax policies that have been few factors from the list. Experts have indicated that as China was successful in surpassing the success rate of USA in terms of FDI in the year 2002, there is a huge possibility that it may become the largest economy by the year 2020 that now seems quite possible (Ching, 2008). After becoming member of the WTO, there has been greater liberty in the sectors of industry and services, and decrease in customs duty has been another major factor of establishment of new foreign firms in China. In particular, studies have indicated that multinational companies especially in the sectors of â€Å"distribution, logistics, financial services, and telecommunications† (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2008) have benefited significantly from such liberalization. Besides, analysis has sh own that there has been introduction of various policies by the Chinese government to give privilege to foreign investors and multinational companies, in order to promote foreign investment in the country and that will be fruitful for any multinational firm that will be entering in China to establish business. A major step has been the implementation of socialist market economy in China that has created an encouraging environment for new investments. Moreover, it is very imperative for a country to be constant in its tax policies and regulations that has been the case of China, consequently, resulting in positive arena for multinational firms to operate in the country. However, while planning to establish business in China, one should have an understanding that few strategies enjoy greater relaxation and liberalization, such as the businesses that â€Å"bring in advanced technology, management expertise and high-caliber talent† (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2008). Thus, if Acme is planning to penetrate in the Chinese market, it will have to make efforts to focus on the quality while ensuring advance technologies in its different processes and procedures. Furthermore, Chinese government promotes multinational firms and foreign investors that facilitate the process of â€Å"ecological construction, environmental protection, and conservation, and the more efficient use of resources and energy† (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2008). Besides such opportunities for multinational firms, there still exist few hurdles; however, the Chinese government has been endeavoring to deal with the issues to promote more firms in the Chinese market. For instance, firms that bring in foreign investment in China enjoy liberalization and relaxation in the processes of â€Å"foreign exchange balancing, and raw materials sourcing† (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2008) that allow the firms to run the business more effectively in the country. Additionally, in the past, firms had this limitation of using local market for materials; however, now, they enjoy the relaxation of giving priority to either local market or the international market while buying raw materials and fuels. On the other hand, there are few restrictions for multinational firms and foreign investors in the process of acquiring approval on capital contributions and participation in some particular sectors of the Chinese marke

Eric Larson, The Devil in the White City Essay Example for Free

Eric Larson, The Devil in the White City Essay Generically speaking, Eric Larson’s book The Devil in the White City is a tale of architecture and a serial killer. The book reflects the society of the late 19th century, Chicago. In its own the work is a journey of the lives of the people of the great city and how they changed. It encompasses their hopes, their dreams and their treachery. In general where gender roles are concerned, it showcases how women, particularly those from the working class, shaped the city around them while sticking to their constricted roles. The book revolves around two central characters i.e. the architect and the serial killer, however, it manages to not just account for their lives, but in doing so highlight great poverty, violence and depravity of the age and America as it were during that time. It follows through one social crisis after another throughout the vestiges of its pages. It shows the social diversity along with individualistic diversity of the era. In order to understand the role of women during that time, we must first understand the dynamics of the society itself. In conclusion to the works, Larson pens in Notes and Sources â€Å"The thing that entranced me about Chicago in the Gilded Age was the city’s willingness to take on the impossible in the name of civic honor, a concept so removed from the modern psyche that two wise readers of early drafts of this book wondered why Chicago was so avid to win the world’s fair in the first place† [p. 393]. The world of that age was a combination of great achievement and burning desire to be better than everything else. To achieve that dream men weren’t the only one making the efforts. Women were also breaking out of their age of crafted roles.   To win â€Å"first place†, the race had begun and the general population strived for the collateral dream. The book talks about the two facets of reality and society. Good versus great evil. It highlights man’s desperation to be better, to achieve great heights. And on that journey man at times becomes irrevocably corrupt. As Larson states, â€Å"The juxtaposition of pride and unfathomed evil struck me as offering powerful insights into the nature of men and their ambitions† [p. 393]. After the great fire of 1871, Chicago came back with a new vengeance. Each day hordes of new people walked into the city looking for a future and new dreams. Many of these people were young single women who were oblivious to the peril and dangers of the big cities they hoped to make their homes. Jane Addams, founder of Chicagos Hull House, wrote, Never before in civilization have such numbers of young girls been suddenly released from the protection of the home and permitted to walk unattended upon the city streets and to work under alien roofs. Her statement points to the status of women in America at the time. Women were going through a conversion; they were trying on new roles in their newly crafted world and leaving behind old ones. They were sheltered and protected and treading on alien territory when they left their homes. Clearly this was not the life most women were used to living; venturing out into the world was not something that was generally accepted as normal behavior. But like all else, things were changing and in the name of progress women were changing too. They found work as seamstresses, weavers, typewriters and what not. All jobs which had a man in charge or above them. Simply put they were to be the nurses, and not the doctors. The men who hired them were thought of, in that era, as noble characters. There were also those with less than noble intentions. During the summer of 1890, a warning was placed in the help-wanted section of the Chicago Tribune, cautioning female stenographers stating our growing conviction that no thoroughly honorable business-man who is this side of dotage ever advertises for a lady stenographer who is a blonde, is good-looking, is quite alone in the city, or will transmit her photograph. All such advertisements upon their face bear the marks of vulgarity, nor do we regard it safe for any lady to answer such unseemly utterances. The warning was placed in the Chicago Tribune by the First National Bank. Stepping into new shoes The women were now living lives designed for men. The city was not the same as it once had been. While there were good men keeping the honor of the city intact, there was no shortage of those who were ever ready to plunder it. There were large amounts of deaths, many of them were unknown men and women who were never identified and never saw their families again. One did not have to be murdered in Chicago; the city itself killed many in multiple accidents, you could simply step off a curb and get hit by a car and die. And of course there were the homicides. During the first half of 1892 Chicago was witness to nearly eight hindered homicides. The once innocent city was being turned into a vicious place. Chicago was turning out to become one of the dangerous cities to come out the United States of America. The streets were no longer safe and amidst dreams of becoming the best in the world, the greatest, the city did quite the opposite. Criminals Women now rose to a new status. They moved from being caregivers in the home, from being protected and sheltered, to being city girls making it on their own. And they then went from city girls to murdering harlots. Many incidences occurred where men killed women and women turned around to kill other men. Chicago was one big cesspool of criminal activity.   The criminal activity rose around the entirety of the nation, but Chicago stood out in its numbers. The 1888 killing spree courtesy of Jack the Ripper had the nation enthralled and addicted. None however, imagined something similar hitting their own cities. When men liked Holmes ravaged the youth of the city and went about murdering people, no one at the time thought it could be the work of a serial killer. People were too innocent, even with the crimes that shattered their lives each day, they refused to believe something that heinous could be taking place right next door. A good example of this stint was the Broadway show titled ‘Chicago’ itself. It paints the story of Velma Kelly, a notorious criminal. In fact women were the only magnificent criminals in that show, while men played the part of protectors, lawyers, gullible husbands. The show was a satire on the state of things in the city. Woman has changed drastically, they were no longer thought of as naà ¯ve, innocent, noble creatures. They were scandalous entities.

Parallel Experiences of Three Troubled Women in Cunninghams, The Hours

Parallel Experiences of Three Troubled Women in Cunningham's, The Hours According to Chronicles magazine, "Woolf was undeniably a brilliant writer." Woolf's work of Mrs. Dalloway was read by fifteen-year-old Michael Cunningham in order to impress an older girl in school. As he stated, "the book really knocked me out." Once older, Cunningham wanted to write about Mrs. Dalloway, but thought not too many people would want to read a book about reading a book. He then thought he might want to read a book about reading the right book. Hence, The Hours was written. Cunningham would incorporate Mrs. Dalloway into "a book about reading a book." The Hours weaves through three woman's lives. As the novel unfolds, it shows that these three women are related by parallel experiences. The first narrative is Virginia Woolf, the famous author. She is one of the main women in this complex story. Woolf has a troublesome life. She has multiple thoughts of suicide and death. She is anorexic and caught in a marriage that is doomed. The first chapter by Cunningham tells of Woolf's suicide drowning in 1941. Cunningham tells of the demons within Woolf's head and the consequently her fatal death from listening to these voices. The novel then moves to the stories of two modern American women who are trying to make rewarding lives for themselves. Laura Brown is a fragile middleclass housewife and mother in 1951. She lives a miserable life trying to play the model suburban housewife. Throughout The Hours, Laura is reading Mrs. Dalloway, which is Virginia's novel. Her obvious mental illness doesn't allow her to always connect and understand her environment. Situations that seem simple to the average person, such as making a cake, are beyond difficu... ...fter reading the story and watching it, I still have difficulty interrupting it. Yet, by looking at the ambiguities, gaps and strategically placed metaphors I can understand it better. Cunningham does a good job of tying these three stories together into a novel about reading a book. I would highly recommend this book to the advanced reader. Works Cited Axemaker, Sean. "Driven to Live." Rev. of The Hours, by Michael Cunningham. Eugene Weekly: 23 Jan. 2003 "Be Afraid of Virginia Woolf." Chronicles: March 2003. Cunningham, Michael. The Hours. New York: Picador USA, 1998. Doig, Will. "Man of The Hours: Michael Cunningham's Unlikely Runaway Smash." Metro Weekly 23 Jan. 2003. Merriam-Webster. Webster's New American Dictionary. New York: Smithmark, 1995. Sipiora, Phillip. Reading and Writing about Literature. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2002.

Homeschooling and Family Education

Homschooling is the education of children at home, rather than other formal settings of public or private schools. Homeschooling can affect a child negatively in some cases. Some of the effects include lack of social interaction, too much protection from the parents and limited exposure to extra curricular activities. One of the negative effects of homeschooling is that it decreases the ability of the child to interact socially with others. As stated by John 2012, â€Å"homeschooling do not teach homeschoolers how to interact with peers and authoritative figures†. Homeschoolers are less exposed to other poeple compared to those who get a formal setting of education. Also, they lack of communication skills with children from different backgrounds (Mead 2009). Other than that, homeschoolers get too much protection from their parents, making it hard for them to adapt in real life situations without their parents protection. Parents must realize they cant protect their children forever ( Family Education 2012). According to Schroeder 2011, real life situations are introduced at schools such as bullying, teasing and public humiliation are a part of life. Children from homeschools may suffer from culture shock when dealing with real life situation (Family Education 2012). Next, another negative effect of homeschooling is the limited exposure of homeschoolers on extra curricular activities. Homeschooled children lack the diverse enrichment activities(Mead 2009). They are also not exposed in group works such as team sports amd performing art clubs as mentioned by Family Education 2012. In conclusion, there are many disadvantages of homeschooling that could have a negative effect on children. Therefore, parents should think wisely before sending their children to homeschools because it lacks of social interaction, too much protection from parents and has limited exposure to extra curricular activities.

College Is Not for Everyone Essay

Going away to college is not for everyone. There are good reasons why a student might choose to live at home and attend a local school. Money, finding stability while changes are occurring, and accepting responsibility are three to consider. Money is likely to be most important. Not only is tuition more expensive, but extra money is needed for room and board. Whether room and board is a dorm or an apartment, the expense is great. Most students never stop to consider that the money that could be saved from room and board may be better spent in future years on graduate school, which is likely to be more important in their careers. Going to school is a time of many changes anyway, without adding the pressure of a new city or even a new state. Finding stability will be hard enough, without going from home to a dorm. Starting college could be an emotional time for some, and the security of their home and family might make everything easier. When students decide to go away to school, sometimes because their friends are going away, or maybe because the school is their parents’ alma mater, something that all need to decide is whether or not they can accept the responsibility of a completely new way of life. Everyone feels as if they are ready for total independence when they decide to go away to college, but is breaking away when they are just beginning to set their futures a good idea? Going away to school may be the right road for some, but those who feel that they are not ready might start looking to a future that is just around the corner.

buy custom Health Effects of Obesity essay

buy custom Health Effects of Obesity essay On the other hand, people are less concerned with the rising issues with regard to health as a result of being politically correct. Statistics indicate that the rate of obesity in America has remained an all time high, and as a result, no state had recorded less than 20 percent prevalence of the disease (MedTV). But why are people not addressing this issue properly? Many believe that people are concerned with other urgent issues like politics and the state of economy, leading to a smaller percentage owning up to the case as being serious. Causes of Obesity in America As the world experiences evolution, little people consider the diet they take and regular exercise as paramount. The main cause of obesity in America is believed to be the diet as well as lack of exercise. Statistics further illustrate that several Americans are known to eat poorly. Poor eating is as a result of people depending largely on fast food as a way of living. On the other hand, fast food have been characterized with a fast moving life that tends to see both members of the family, father and mother working and have little tim to prepare food. It is worth noting that fast foods in America are not prepared as they should be and as a result; do not provide the necessary nutrients needed to keep the body fit and healthy. There are no right proportions in food preparations within the several food outlets in America. For instance, different menus tend to be more nutritious than others while others are in high proportions of calories which is a lead factor to overweight on consumers. Eating proper food in America is not the norm, and one is likely to witness several Americans ignoring fruits and vegetables. It is then possible to conclude that the main cause of obesity in America is the great imbalance of calories that are daily consumed. The daily routine where people have to rush to work and attend to their daily business in a fast changing world is also a great concern that leads to the growth of obesity in America. It might not sound an alarm when people eat foods that are nutritious but in large quantity (Bailey 40). This is also a sign that obesity can be the resulting condition of this type of food consumption. It is not health for a person to eat hiigh amount of nutritional foods for it is likely to have health impacts. Effects of Obesity in America There are several effects that are associated with obesity and this includes an increased risk to several problems like fatty liver disease, stroke, high blood pressure and diabetes. Statistics indicate that up to 300,000 premature deaths are caused by obesity. Furthermore, Osteoarthritis, metabolic syndrome and joint pain are the results of obesity. Obesity is also known to cause mental health disorders. In the event that a person has severe case of obesity, then he or she is likely to witness low self esteem. Those who suffer from obesity tend to shy off from relationships and they might be affected in any type of relationship that they form. Those who have obesity tend to suffer from discrimination and can be rejected in several institutions of learning. Early onset hypertension is usually recorded in the event that a child suffers from obesity. Furthermore children who suffer from obesity are likely to record higher risk of contacting heart diseases and even stroke and diabetes. Buy custom Health Effects of Obesity essay

Matching Your Market

Matching Your Market Several times this week Ive declined advertisers. I know. Why turn down money, right? But they wanted to advertise romance, fantasy and childrens books in FundsforWriters. Nothing against those souls. They are seeking venues to sell their books, and FundsforWriters has a sizeable following. Im actually flattered they come to me with their lovely babies. I write. I get that. But as I try to tactfully explain to them, they arent reaching their audience via my newsletter. FundsforWriters is a sea of writers, all dreaming about one day selling enough of their words to earn a living. They arent signing up to see what other writers are selling. They dont want to buy childrens books, womens fiction, sci-fi or poetry. They want to know how to be a successful writer. They are the competition, not the audience these advertisers seek. You might ask why I sell my mysteries in my newsletters, but they are part of my brand. I fully understand that a gross minority of the readers are not mystery fans, but since Im connected to this readership, I toss my books out there for consideration. Also, much of the readership has seen how Ive traveled from novice to freelancer to struggling author to an agented author to a traditional author who also chose hybrid. Its a journey to learn from. Or at least I hope it is. But it would be an injustice for me to take money from people to advertise their books. And it would be an injustice for me to put advertising in FundsforWriters that doesnt jive with the mission of FFW. The point is, you need to stop and think about who reads your type of book. Then you head out and find them. How? Identify: 1) your genre 2) the age of your reader 3) the geography of your work 4) the time period of your work 5) the gender the book leans toward (it can be both, or one over another) 6) the leaders in your genre Then find places online and in your community that connect somehow to one or more of these traits. Write guest blog posts. Participate in chats. Volunteer to help a cause. Offer to speak at libraries, bookstores and clubs. There are Twitter chats, Google+ interviews, Skype, your blog, professional groups with their forums, and more. Be seen. Be heard. People dont just want books anymore. They want the author, too. Whether you like it or not, you have to become a brand and develop a face, because books are a dime a dozen. But dont waste your time scattering your book anywhere and everywhere. Strategically place it where you think your readership resides. Time is precious. Use it wisely.

Kennedy Administrations Successful Handling of the Cuban Crisis Essay - 7

Kennedy Administrations Successful Handling of the Cuban Crisis - Essay Example The involvement of the USSR forced the USA to contemplate attacking Cuba through air and water strikes, but for legal reasons, decide to blockade further supply of the missiles by the USSR to Cuba. In response, the USSR argued that the blockade amounted to an act of aggression against another country, which would propel a nuclear war. This resulted to a negotiation talk being held between President John F. Kennedy and the Soviet Premier, Nikita Khrushchev (Kennedy & Schlesinger, 1999). Thus, these are the reasons that indicate that the negotiations by John Kennedy’s administration were successful: The negotiations in Cuban crisis were perceived as successful since they ended up creating a scenario where the USA was the winner. This is because; the USSR removed its missiles from Cuba, while the prestige of the USA military was preserved (Kennedy & Schlesinger, 1999). This occurred because; the world finally saw the USSR back down and withdraw its missiles from Cuba, while the removal of the USA missiles from Turkey was not made a publicly accepted demand, but was rather agreed upon silently between the Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy and the USSR ambassador (Kennedy & Schlesinger, 1999). This served to preserve the image of the military might of the USA. The negotiations reached a deal, where the USA was to stop any attempt to attack Cuba and remove its missiles from Turkey, in return for having the USSR remove its missiles from Cuba (Kennedy & Schlesinger, 1999). This was an act of mutual agreement that established equal treatment of all parties, through having both the USA and the USSR return all offensive weapons to their countries, and thus avoid involving other countries in their contest for supremacy, which would have ended up destroying the whole world through, a nuclear war. The negotiations are also considered successful since they helped the USA to adopt a safer option; that of a blockade, as opposed to the highly championed  military action that would have left the world devastated (Kennedy & Schlesinger, 1999).  

Philosophy of Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Philosophy of Science - Essay Example Secondly, his ideas on scientific imperialism are viewed as being important in the argument against science. There have been numerous studies showing that the use of science in the societal setting has not always been advantageous. In fact, there are some studies that show that scientific legitimacy was used to establish unnecessary and unpopular initiatives on populations. Thirdly, conflicts arise between well- established scientific theories leading to confusion in their interpretation and application. He states that Newtonian perspectives on the concept of gravity were rebellious as it went against Galileo’s beliefs. This shows that science is simply an ideology that society should be shielded from (Feyerabend 65). Historians support Feyeraband’s claims by stating that prominent scientists in the past including Galileo would probably oppose the modern day science. In summary, Feyerabend arguments on the concept of science being an ideology are true. This is basing on the fact that science is contradictory, inconsistent and is even considered to be harmful against mankind in some

Knox Case Study Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Knox Case Study - Research Paper Example As his manager, I would be positive about his success in winning a new client to the company but would not communicate his strategy to other employees and external stakeholders. I would also urge him to be more sensitive to possible ethical concerns. No action should be taken against Knox for his initiatives but he should instead be advised to be more careful not to breach ethical values in his sales initiatives. My reaction would be based on an understanding of dilemma that employees face in defining moments and the possible consequences of victimizing employees for choosing a right thing over another. Knox did not take advantage of the client but used his skills to draw the client’s attention to what he could offer and subsequently what his organization could offer. He was also not deceitful but generated mutual benefit for both the company and the client and should therefore not be reprimanded (Humphreys, Amed, Pryor, Hanson, Peppers, Rogers and Borg, 2009; Badaracco, 1998) . Being another manager in the company, I would consult with Armadillo to determine their opinion about their interaction with Knox. My interest would be to determine their derived utility from the interaction for ethical consideration. If they consider the approach dishonest and they believe that Knox initiatives coerced them, then I would explain to them our ethical policies and consider a remedy and a possible action against Knox. Their satisfaction with the initiative would, however, communicate utilitarian ethics because ethics is circumstantial (Badaracco, 1998). I would advise other salespeople to be careful in their sales initiatives because while some clients might consider such acts as ethical, others may be offended because of cultural diversity.

Marketing strategy for ganga water purifier

Marketing strategy for ganga water purifier IMC PLAN FOR WATER PURIFIER Introduction Internal Analysis Firms Promotional Capabilities The current marketing strategy for ganga water purifier is a push strategy, utilizing personal selling via a sales force with limited advertising to increase brand awareness. The current promotional mix involves periodic advertising in area newspapers, a yellow pages ad, distribution of flyers, door-to-door sales through sales agents, and telemarketing performed by sales agents. The current RO filter market is served quite well, through several methods of distribution and many options and products available to the consumer. Currently, 30% of end consumers purchased their home water treatment system from local water treatment dealers, 26% from a department or discount store and 25% from a home improvement centre. Product/Service Analysis The RO filter market can be described as fragmented. There are many competing Products in the marketplace and no one have more than 15% of the market share. Retailers, which sell to the end user, hold the power in the manufacturer distributor Retailer relationship as they have many competing products to choose from and typically Only carry a single brand of RO filter. Major companies into this business are: Eureka Fobs , Hull ,Ion exchange,Philips Industry experts say that in India three types of water purifiers are being marketed now — ultra-violet based, reverse osmosis and resin based. The countrys largest water purifier maker Eureka Forbes Aquaguard is the market leader with 68 per cent in UV-based market. In reverse osmosis (RO) as well the company enjoys 60 per cent share and Delhi-based Kent RO systems has 40 per cent share. RO based water purifiers are the most expensive section of the water purifier market and are priced at Rs 13,000 and above.Philips, on the other hand, which uses UV-based technology to purify water, has dropped its price to Rs 6,995 from the initial launch price of Rs 8,500. Industry sources say its struggle to establish itself in the market with lesser priced water purifiers by competitors has been difficult.Out of the 220 million households in India, only about 8 million use water purifiers. Both HUL and Eureka had test marketed their products in southern states before launching it nationally. Product Description Reverse Osmosis (RO) is a filtration process which runs drinking water containing dissolved solids through a nano-filtration membrane. The purified water then goes to a storage tank and most of the unwanted organic and inorganic compounds, sediment and other contaminants are flushed down the drain. This form of water treatment is one of the most effective methods for producing high quality drinking water available on the market today Review of Past Promotional Programs In reverse osmosis (RO) as well the company enjoys 60 per cent share and Delhi-based Kent RO systems has 40 per cent share. RO based water purifiers are the most expensive section of the water purifier market and are priced at Rs 13,000 and above. Philips, on the other hand, which uses UV-based technology to purify water, has dropped its price to Rs 6,995 from the initial launch price of Rs 8,500. Industry sources say its struggle to establish itself in the market with lesser priced water purifiers by competitors has been difficult. As HUL airs its TV campaigns on how using Pureit will give freedom from boiling water, Eureka Forbes has signed on celebrity Smriti Irani for communicating its benefits. The past promotional programs involves periodic advertising in area newspapers, distribution of flyers, door-to-door sales through sales agents. The RO filter market is served quite well, through several methods of distribution and many options and products available to the consumer External Analysis Customer Analysis Buyer Needs Water is a major element required for human survival and thus clean, safe drinking water is a necessity for a healthy and safe lifestyle. In Indian society water safety has for the most part been taken for granted up to the last several years, but now due to industrial and environmental pollution consumers perceptions has changed. People concerned with the safety of drinking water now recognize a need to buy clean drinking water or to purify their own water. Forty-two percent of people use water treatment devices because they feel it makes their water safer. Those who do not like the current taste of their water can be assumed to encompass the other element of consumer need. Forty-three percent of people use water treatment devices because they feel it makes their water taste better . During the 2007 survey this figure grew from 48% of people being replaced by 60% of people use a filtration system for health-related issues. Decision Type Buying an RO system is an extensive decision due to the relatively substantial cost involved and the wide variety of competitive products on the market. Since most RO filters operate on the same principle of purifying water, the consumer would attempt to find value in quality, number of filtering stages, capacity of the system and ultimately price. Since a wide variety of choices exist personal selling plays an important role in convincing the consumer that a product holds higher merit and value than the competitors product. SWOT Analysis Product Company Strengths High quality product, manufactured in delhi, assembled in U.P. Water Quality Association member All components are NSF approved. Close relationship with suppliers. Easily customize product to meet consumers needs. Extremely competitive price and compensation structure Offer 5-Stage unit at better price than competition. Recent media exposure regarding unhealthy drinking water in india. 1st housing clear to see condition ofpurifier. Owner has extensive experience with water treatment problem solving. Produces pure drinking water at low costs. Weaknesses Large amount of personal selling Relatively unknown name in india. Variety of substitutes, including bottled water. Large number of competitors/substitutes in a fragmented market. High barriers to entry into Big Box stores. Opportunities Several very large possible target markets. To become perceived as sympathetic towards customers concerns and well-being. Utilize the Internet as a customer relationship management tool. Reduced public confidence in municipal water treatment centers. Threats Governmental regulations regarding water purification products. Competitive retaliation to Rosmosis entering the market with a competitive product at lower prices. Clean water is one of the most important needs of our bodies. It is a sad fact that something as essential to life as clean drinking water can no longer be granted to us. Unsafe water is not just a third world problem. In fact, safe drinking water is even harder to find specially in industrially developing countries such as the India. According to research articles and news, most tap and well water in India now are not safe for drinking due to heavy industrial and environmental pollution.We have reached to a point that, all sources of our drinking water, including municipal water systems, wells, lakes, rivers, and even glaciers, contain some level of contamination. A good water filter is the best and maybe the only solution nowadays. You can install and maintain the filters yourself and can ensure and feel safe about the water which you and your family drink. Just make sure the filter you choose removes the most spectrum of contaminants. Usually a professional filtration system worth invest-in is a 4 to 5 stage water purifier system. Each stage will remove certain types of contaminants, and all stages combined should protect you from just about every contaminant. provide information among 70% of target audience: Areverse osmosis water filter with activated carbon pre-filters, plus an ultraviolet light, are what we believe to be the most thorough and cost effective way to purify drinking water. Such a system willpay for itself within half a yearand can last 10-15 years with easy annual filter change create an image among 60 % of target audience: To create an image which provide best quality with low prices and create a brand that is trust worthy . by showing benefits that is getting most purified water at a cost os 36 paise / lit and taste too. stimulate trial of new product among 55% of target audience will make people motivated to try new product to see its features and see its advanced quality by implementing sales promotion techniques and personal selling like coupons and sales presentation. Budget allocation Percentage of the budget is stated for indicating the allocation Estimated budget : 50000000 Promotional budget estimate ( in lakhs) Advertising TV Commercial 50 lakhs (Production broadcasting) Newspaper advertisement 8 lakhs (Design publishing) Magzine 10 lakhs Radio advertisement 20 lakhs Event Exhibition(venue Setup, etc) 50 lakhs Direct Marketing Mailing(design, printing postage, etc) 4 lakhs Personal selling sales presentations 20 lakhs sales meetings 5 lakhs incentive programs 85 lakhs Sales promotions Contests; Games;Lotteries; premium and gifts; fair and trade shows; demonstrations; coupons; rebates; low-interest financing . 100 lakhs IMC STRATEGIES The campaign objectives of GANGA water purifier. Advertising strategy Advertising design :Story board is to make people aware of water related deseases. Type of appeal : emotional. Target audience :housewifes, working group. Message strategy :GANGA WATER FILTER Meaning : the name is kept as ganga because ganga is known to be the most pure. Tag Line : SWATCHTA KI PHECHAN Media selection: television, newspaper, magazines, internet, etc. The Unique Selling Proposition Excellent customer service response time. Very compititive pricing. Technical suppor available via phone and email. Online water diagnosis at http://www.gangapurifier.com/daignose_my_water.php Free basic water testing available. Custom water filter systems for special water conditions. Water quality association member. Other promotional tools strategy †¢What other promotional tools to be selected and why? Personal selling sales presentations sales meetings incentive programs Public relations Seminars: will give seminars on the topic of environmental pollution . How water causes deseases and how can we avoid it by using a water purifier and how ganga water purifier helps your family with this . charitable donations: will donate money to the areas where water purification projects are going on . publications: will release a monthly publication of what achievements are made my the company. community relations: Our aim is to increase their knowledge and understanding of what we do and where were going, so that they can feel part of â€Å"our community† and where appropriate join with us Sales promotions Contests: will organise contests which will be on the theme of water or environmental pollution and ganga water purifier will make people aware of this. Games: will organise games at major areas like universities ,government offices on the name of ganga water filter. lotteries: will tie up with some very gud brands and ganga water purifier will be distributed as lotteries. GANGA WATER PURIFIER : SWATCHTA KI PEHCHAN Creative tactics for television Vedio : the visual will communicate the message given by ganga water purifier that it is give the most purified water compared to others and will provide with many user friendly functions with really competitive pricies. Audio: the audio will be created which will force consume r to see the vedio and will help an appropriate mood Jingle used: live a healthy life Company : ganga water purifier BIBLIOGRAPLY www.jobsdb.com/HK/EN/V6HTML//IMC_Plan_Outline.pdf www.digg.com/educational/Sample_IMC_Plan www.drypen.in//developing-an-integrated-marketing-communication-plan-imc.html www.ethicsbasedmarketing.net//Sample%20IMC%20plan%20template.pdf faculty.fullerton.edu/mjoyce/Materials/IMC_Plan_Outline.htm www.kult-educ.org/wksp/imc-4/files/ibrahim/IMC-4_1-2.ppt