Philosophy of Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Philosophy of Science - Essay Example Secondly, his ideas on scientific imperialism are viewed as being important in the argument against science. There have been numerous studies showing that the use of science in the societal setting has not always been advantageous. In fact, there are some studies that show that scientific legitimacy was used to establish unnecessary and unpopular initiatives on populations. Thirdly, conflicts arise between well- established scientific theories leading to confusion in their interpretation and application. He states that Newtonian perspectives on the concept of gravity were rebellious as it went against Galileo’s beliefs. This shows that science is simply an ideology that society should be shielded from (Feyerabend 65). Historians support Feyeraband’s claims by stating that prominent scientists in the past including Galileo would probably oppose the modern day science. In summary, Feyerabend arguments on the concept of science being an ideology are true. This is basing on the fact that science is contradictory, inconsistent and is even considered to be harmful against mankind in some

Knox Case Study Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Knox Case Study - Research Paper Example As his manager, I would be positive about his success in winning a new client to the company but would not communicate his strategy to other employees and external stakeholders. I would also urge him to be more sensitive to possible ethical concerns. No action should be taken against Knox for his initiatives but he should instead be advised to be more careful not to breach ethical values in his sales initiatives. My reaction would be based on an understanding of dilemma that employees face in defining moments and the possible consequences of victimizing employees for choosing a right thing over another. Knox did not take advantage of the client but used his skills to draw the client’s attention to what he could offer and subsequently what his organization could offer. He was also not deceitful but generated mutual benefit for both the company and the client and should therefore not be reprimanded (Humphreys, Amed, Pryor, Hanson, Peppers, Rogers and Borg, 2009; Badaracco, 1998) . Being another manager in the company, I would consult with Armadillo to determine their opinion about their interaction with Knox. My interest would be to determine their derived utility from the interaction for ethical consideration. If they consider the approach dishonest and they believe that Knox initiatives coerced them, then I would explain to them our ethical policies and consider a remedy and a possible action against Knox. Their satisfaction with the initiative would, however, communicate utilitarian ethics because ethics is circumstantial (Badaracco, 1998). I would advise other salespeople to be careful in their sales initiatives because while some clients might consider such acts as ethical, others may be offended because of cultural diversity.

Marketing strategy for ganga water purifier

Marketing strategy for ganga water purifier IMC PLAN FOR WATER PURIFIER Introduction Internal Analysis Firms Promotional Capabilities The current marketing strategy for ganga water purifier is a push strategy, utilizing personal selling via a sales force with limited advertising to increase brand awareness. The current promotional mix involves periodic advertising in area newspapers, a yellow pages ad, distribution of flyers, door-to-door sales through sales agents, and telemarketing performed by sales agents. The current RO filter market is served quite well, through several methods of distribution and many options and products available to the consumer. Currently, 30% of end consumers purchased their home water treatment system from local water treatment dealers, 26% from a department or discount store and 25% from a home improvement centre. Product/Service Analysis The RO filter market can be described as fragmented. There are many competing Products in the marketplace and no one have more than 15% of the market share. Retailers, which sell to the end user, hold the power in the manufacturer distributor Retailer relationship as they have many competing products to choose from and typically Only carry a single brand of RO filter. Major companies into this business are: Eureka Fobs , Hull ,Ion exchange,Philips Industry experts say that in India three types of water purifiers are being marketed now — ultra-violet based, reverse osmosis and resin based. The countrys largest water purifier maker Eureka Forbes Aquaguard is the market leader with 68 per cent in UV-based market. In reverse osmosis (RO) as well the company enjoys 60 per cent share and Delhi-based Kent RO systems has 40 per cent share. RO based water purifiers are the most expensive section of the water purifier market and are priced at Rs 13,000 and above.Philips, on the other hand, which uses UV-based technology to purify water, has dropped its price to Rs 6,995 from the initial launch price of Rs 8,500. Industry sources say its struggle to establish itself in the market with lesser priced water purifiers by competitors has been difficult.Out of the 220 million households in India, only about 8 million use water purifiers. Both HUL and Eureka had test marketed their products in southern states before launching it nationally. Product Description Reverse Osmosis (RO) is a filtration process which runs drinking water containing dissolved solids through a nano-filtration membrane. The purified water then goes to a storage tank and most of the unwanted organic and inorganic compounds, sediment and other contaminants are flushed down the drain. This form of water treatment is one of the most effective methods for producing high quality drinking water available on the market today Review of Past Promotional Programs In reverse osmosis (RO) as well the company enjoys 60 per cent share and Delhi-based Kent RO systems has 40 per cent share. RO based water purifiers are the most expensive section of the water purifier market and are priced at Rs 13,000 and above. Philips, on the other hand, which uses UV-based technology to purify water, has dropped its price to Rs 6,995 from the initial launch price of Rs 8,500. Industry sources say its struggle to establish itself in the market with lesser priced water purifiers by competitors has been difficult. As HUL airs its TV campaigns on how using Pureit will give freedom from boiling water, Eureka Forbes has signed on celebrity Smriti Irani for communicating its benefits. The past promotional programs involves periodic advertising in area newspapers, distribution of flyers, door-to-door sales through sales agents. The RO filter market is served quite well, through several methods of distribution and many options and products available to the consumer External Analysis Customer Analysis Buyer Needs Water is a major element required for human survival and thus clean, safe drinking water is a necessity for a healthy and safe lifestyle. In Indian society water safety has for the most part been taken for granted up to the last several years, but now due to industrial and environmental pollution consumers perceptions has changed. People concerned with the safety of drinking water now recognize a need to buy clean drinking water or to purify their own water. Forty-two percent of people use water treatment devices because they feel it makes their water safer. Those who do not like the current taste of their water can be assumed to encompass the other element of consumer need. Forty-three percent of people use water treatment devices because they feel it makes their water taste better . During the 2007 survey this figure grew from 48% of people being replaced by 60% of people use a filtration system for health-related issues. Decision Type Buying an RO system is an extensive decision due to the relatively substantial cost involved and the wide variety of competitive products on the market. Since most RO filters operate on the same principle of purifying water, the consumer would attempt to find value in quality, number of filtering stages, capacity of the system and ultimately price. Since a wide variety of choices exist personal selling plays an important role in convincing the consumer that a product holds higher merit and value than the competitors product. SWOT Analysis Product Company Strengths High quality product, manufactured in delhi, assembled in U.P. Water Quality Association member All components are NSF approved. Close relationship with suppliers. Easily customize product to meet consumers needs. Extremely competitive price and compensation structure Offer 5-Stage unit at better price than competition. Recent media exposure regarding unhealthy drinking water in india. 1st housing clear to see condition ofpurifier. Owner has extensive experience with water treatment problem solving. Produces pure drinking water at low costs. Weaknesses Large amount of personal selling Relatively unknown name in india. Variety of substitutes, including bottled water. Large number of competitors/substitutes in a fragmented market. High barriers to entry into Big Box stores. Opportunities Several very large possible target markets. To become perceived as sympathetic towards customers concerns and well-being. Utilize the Internet as a customer relationship management tool. Reduced public confidence in municipal water treatment centers. Threats Governmental regulations regarding water purification products. Competitive retaliation to Rosmosis entering the market with a competitive product at lower prices. Clean water is one of the most important needs of our bodies. It is a sad fact that something as essential to life as clean drinking water can no longer be granted to us. Unsafe water is not just a third world problem. In fact, safe drinking water is even harder to find specially in industrially developing countries such as the India. According to research articles and news, most tap and well water in India now are not safe for drinking due to heavy industrial and environmental pollution.We have reached to a point that, all sources of our drinking water, including municipal water systems, wells, lakes, rivers, and even glaciers, contain some level of contamination. A good water filter is the best and maybe the only solution nowadays. You can install and maintain the filters yourself and can ensure and feel safe about the water which you and your family drink. Just make sure the filter you choose removes the most spectrum of contaminants. Usually a professional filtration system worth invest-in is a 4 to 5 stage water purifier system. Each stage will remove certain types of contaminants, and all stages combined should protect you from just about every contaminant. provide information among 70% of target audience: Areverse osmosis water filter with activated carbon pre-filters, plus an ultraviolet light, are what we believe to be the most thorough and cost effective way to purify drinking water. Such a system willpay for itself within half a yearand can last 10-15 years with easy annual filter change create an image among 60 % of target audience: To create an image which provide best quality with low prices and create a brand that is trust worthy . by showing benefits that is getting most purified water at a cost os 36 paise / lit and taste too. stimulate trial of new product among 55% of target audience will make people motivated to try new product to see its features and see its advanced quality by implementing sales promotion techniques and personal selling like coupons and sales presentation. Budget allocation Percentage of the budget is stated for indicating the allocation Estimated budget : 50000000 Promotional budget estimate ( in lakhs) Advertising TV Commercial 50 lakhs (Production broadcasting) Newspaper advertisement 8 lakhs (Design publishing) Magzine 10 lakhs Radio advertisement 20 lakhs Event Exhibition(venue Setup, etc) 50 lakhs Direct Marketing Mailing(design, printing postage, etc) 4 lakhs Personal selling sales presentations 20 lakhs sales meetings 5 lakhs incentive programs 85 lakhs Sales promotions Contests; Games;Lotteries; premium and gifts; fair and trade shows; demonstrations; coupons; rebates; low-interest financing . 100 lakhs IMC STRATEGIES The campaign objectives of GANGA water purifier. Advertising strategy Advertising design :Story board is to make people aware of water related deseases. Type of appeal : emotional. Target audience :housewifes, working group. Message strategy :GANGA WATER FILTER Meaning : the name is kept as ganga because ganga is known to be the most pure. Tag Line : SWATCHTA KI PHECHAN Media selection: television, newspaper, magazines, internet, etc. The Unique Selling Proposition Excellent customer service response time. Very compititive pricing. Technical suppor available via phone and email. Online water diagnosis at http://www.gangapurifier.com/daignose_my_water.php Free basic water testing available. Custom water filter systems for special water conditions. Water quality association member. Other promotional tools strategy †¢What other promotional tools to be selected and why? Personal selling sales presentations sales meetings incentive programs Public relations Seminars: will give seminars on the topic of environmental pollution . How water causes deseases and how can we avoid it by using a water purifier and how ganga water purifier helps your family with this . charitable donations: will donate money to the areas where water purification projects are going on . publications: will release a monthly publication of what achievements are made my the company. community relations: Our aim is to increase their knowledge and understanding of what we do and where were going, so that they can feel part of â€Å"our community† and where appropriate join with us Sales promotions Contests: will organise contests which will be on the theme of water or environmental pollution and ganga water purifier will make people aware of this. Games: will organise games at major areas like universities ,government offices on the name of ganga water filter. lotteries: will tie up with some very gud brands and ganga water purifier will be distributed as lotteries. GANGA WATER PURIFIER : SWATCHTA KI PEHCHAN Creative tactics for television Vedio : the visual will communicate the message given by ganga water purifier that it is give the most purified water compared to others and will provide with many user friendly functions with really competitive pricies. Audio: the audio will be created which will force consume r to see the vedio and will help an appropriate mood Jingle used: live a healthy life Company : ganga water purifier BIBLIOGRAPLY www.jobsdb.com/HK/EN/V6HTML//IMC_Plan_Outline.pdf www.digg.com/educational/Sample_IMC_Plan www.drypen.in//developing-an-integrated-marketing-communication-plan-imc.html www.ethicsbasedmarketing.net//Sample%20IMC%20plan%20template.pdf faculty.fullerton.edu/mjoyce/Materials/IMC_Plan_Outline.htm www.kult-educ.org/wksp/imc-4/files/ibrahim/IMC-4_1-2.ppt

Charles Dickens Life Related To His Book, Hard Times Essay -- GCSE En

Hard Times For These Times In order to improve the sales of his own weekly magazine, Household Words, in which sales had begun to decline in 1854, Charles Dickens (lived 1812 – 1870) began to publish a new series of weekly episodes in the magazine. Hard Times For These Times, an assault on the industrial greed and political economy that exploits the working classes and deadens the soul, ran from April 1 to August 12, 1854. In the opening scenes that take place in the classroom, you become familiarized with the Gradgrind School and its fundamentals. The Gradgrind philosophy, based on the Facts, Facts, and more Facts of reality, is demonstrated as being not only cruel and destructive to the workers – the â€Å"Hands" of society – but is also humanly inadequate to the Gradgrind family it served. Mrs. Gradgrind observed that her husband has missed something in his life, yet, "not an ology at all." Louisa and her brother Tom, "the whelp," are nearly destroyed by the strictly mechanical principles of Gradgrindery. It was Hard Times for everyone. Sissy Jupe, who grew up among Sleary's Horse Riding Circus, and was not exposed to the harsh doctrine of the Gradgrind family until later in life, represents the imaginative creativity and generosity that the Gradgrind family misses. The coming together of Sissy and Loo, at the conclusion of the novel at the circus, represents what Dickens believes industrial England needs. "Let me lay this head of mine upon a lov...

Newell Company Corporate Strategy Essay

1. In assessing Newell Company’s corporate-level strategy and whether the company adds value to the businesses within its portfolio, it is necessary to identify its overarching strategy and then explain it with context to how it affects the various businesses within the larger corporate body. Newell Company’s main corporate-level strategy as defined by Dan Fergurson was â€Å"build on what we do best†. The company focused on growth through strategic acquisitions of firms that sold low cost and high volume products to large retailers, but that were underperforming due to high operating cost. After an acquisition, Newell would then change the existing operational systems of the firm to align it with its corporate structure. The aim was to increase operational efficiency and profitability and to focus it on a key product. In 1990, Newell also recognized the importance of internal growth and included it in its corporate-level strategy. Newell’s corporate-level strategy had a high level of positive impact because it was internally consistent. The corporate office maintained control over legal, administrative and financial functions while allowing individual divisions to control marketing, manufacturing and sales. It also retained strict control over each division’s product lines as it disallowed any deviation from the key product focus defined by Newell. This ensured that the decisions made by various divisions remained in line with the Newell corporate office strategies. Overarching company goals were also aligned with its business strategies and acquisitions, and this was beneficial for the various companies it acquired over time. One of Newell’s corporate strategies was selling products across different price points. This remained in accordance with its goal of being a provider of low cost and high volume goods to large retailers and helped to keep the company competitive against new entrants to the different price categories. This was advantageous to businesses under Newell as its respective product lines were able to retain important shelf space, ensuring better sales of products. Focused growth via streamlining strategic acquisitions was enabled by Newell’s appropriate use of available resources. One of Newell’s core competencies was its operational efficiency and its system of bringing acquired companies to its high standards of efficiency and profitability. Its success in the streamlining process can be seen from the rapidity with which changes were made and the results of the process. As stated in the case study,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Newellization† typically took â€Å"less than 6 months† to implement. After acquiring Anchor Hocking, the management from Newell achieved cost savings by letting go of unnecessary resources within the company such as its glass factory and its retail stores and introduced new systems which helped to bring about improved efficiency such as reducing its cust omer lead order period from â€Å"18 to 7 days†. While the businesses within Newell may have encountered issues due to the restrictions on innovative growth, they ultimately benefited from the focus on operational efficiency and cost savings resulting in higher operating margins. Newell’s corporate-level strategy was reasonably dynamic relative to the environment. While it maintained a strict focus on certain goals, the corporate strategy was also modified to include new ideas that would ensure sustainable growth. This can be seen from the case where Newell’s growth strategy was expanded to include the international market, widening their acquisition target field to include companies based overseas. This was due to the fact that Newell’s target market, retailers like Walmart, was expanding into foreign markets. In 1989, corporate management recognized the importance of internal growth within the respective divisions instead of simply focusing on each division generating higher levels of profit, and the growth of the company being driven by acquisitions. They reflected this change in attitude by changing the corporate bonus structure to encourage executives to pursue internal growth in addition to its existing goals. Newell’s corporate-level strategy was effective for many years as can be seen from the fact that it had higher returns to investors compared to the S&P 500. This was due to a number of factors such as maintaining internal consistency, efficient use of resources and keeping corporate strategy dynamic relative to the changing environment. Businesses acquired were in synergy and this was beneficial to individual businesses in ensuring less wastage and improved levels of service and efficacy. In addition, businesses were also able to take advantage of Newell’s economies of scale and economies of scope. However, despite its positive financial returns, as financial returns are indicative of past policies being effective, it would not be symptomatic of future success. Newell’s strict enforcement of focus on key product lines without allowing for more innovative expansion of those product lines could lead to much slower levels of growth after initial operational synergie s were realized.  This would in turn be detrimental in maintaining its competitive advantage in the long run. 4. While the acquisition of Calphalon could pose some problems in the integration process, it was aligned to Newell’s overall corporate strategy and would be beneficial to Newell in the long run if Calphalon was incorporated without eroding its premium product offering. Calphalon’s acquisition was beneficial to Newell in two ways. It allowed Newell to branch out into new markets that had not reached saturation without cannibalizing its existing product lines. While Newell focused on mass market retailers such as Walmart and Home Depot, Calphalon’s products were sold to high end retailers such as Williams Sonoma and Macy’s. Calphalon’s product offering and strong brand recognition would enable Newell to reach out to the premium market and diversify its product portfolio further. At the same time, Newell’s strong focus on customer relationships and Calphalon’s attitude of building partnerships with its retailers are similar and would eas e its assimilation into the firm. Calphalon’s pull strategies could also be leveraged by Newell to differentiate its product portfolio from other low cost competitors, enabling it to maintain its existing market share. Newell’s core competencies would be useful in reducing Calphalon’s rising costs while concentrating on its strength as a premium product. As can be seen from the financial statements, cost of goods sold increased significantly from 1996 to 1997 without a correspondingly large increase in revenue. The problems faced by Calphalon in terms of operations would be easily manageable for Newell given its strong background in operational efficiency and its experience with assimilating acquisitions to its corporate system. However, as Newell’s product offerings were primarily utilitarian while Calphalon’s products focused on an emotional connection between the product and the premium end user, Calphalon’s integration into Newell would be more delicate than other acquisi tions. As the â€Å"Newellization† process typically removes the acquired company’s systems to replace it with Newell’s system, its stringency could erode Calphalon’s brand equity as a premium cookware producer. While this would be difficult, it would still make sense in the long run given the potential benefits to Newell and the relatively low amount of risk present in the acquisition.  The acquisition of Rubbermaid would seem beneficial given the numerous advantages that Newell would gain, but the many complications associated with the process as well as the fundamental differences between Newell and Rubbermaid make the acquisition too risky to undertake, and thus strategically unsound. The advantages associated with the Rubbermaid acquisition are obvious. Rubbermaid fit into Newell’s criteria for acquisition. It sold targeted product lines to mass retailers, and had strong brand equity. It also suffered from troubled operations, which â€Å"Newelliza tion† would help to address. In addition, the purchase of Rubbermaid would enable Newell to â€Å"cross the $10 billion threshold† that would in turn lead to an increase in market power against retailers like Walmart who implemented harsh policies which were nonnegotiable. However, these advantages are offset by a number of issues. Newell and Rubbermaid, while pursuing the same product offerings, had fundamentally different bases for competitive advantages. While Newell focused on operational efficiency, Rubbermaid was known for its product innovation. This would mean that the processes that helped to streamline Newell-led companies would probably lead to the erosion Rubbermaid’s core competencies. At the time of the acquisition, Rubbermaid was only slightly smaller than Newell. The integration process would be more complicated and difficult due to the fact that Rubbermaid had many different product lines, all of which would have to changed to fit Newell’s corporate system. At the same time, Rubbermaid’s large size would mean that it would be more challenging for Newell to change corporate strategy without alienating the existing workforce. Both of the factors above combined would mean that in order to pursue the acquisition and realize all the benefits associated with it, it would be necessary for Newell to change its corporate strategy to address the differences between Newell and Rubbermaid. However, this was not mentioned in the case study. Thus, without implementing a large-scale change in Newell, it would be difficult to merge both companies to create synergy and value for the overall firm. The difficulties in integration, the high risks associated with the integration, and the lack of change in Newell’s corporate strategies translate to an illogical acquisition by Newell.

Identity the ftre written Essay

Introduction Identity Theft is considered to be major problem which has affected thousands, more than 9 million victims of credit identity theft were reported in 2003, it was estimated that the victims were deprived of more than 52 billion dollars through identity theft; the victims included established businesses and individuals. It has been learnt that ‘sophisticated organized criminals’ (Richard, 2003) were involved in identity theft. Identity theft is considered as an intimate abuse that is mainly responsible for the financial losses of the grieved victims. Identity Theft is ‘appropriation of another’s personal information’ (Whilk, 2003), the purpose of the exercise is to practice fraud, and the victim is impersonated by the culprits in this practice. Identity theft is mainly linked with the leakage of confidential information that is later misused by the culprits to achieve benefit. It has been observed through past cases of Identity theft that most of the culprits have enjoyed access to the victim directly, or the information related to the victim through different dealings. The nature of the dealing is not particular, in some of the cases associates and acquaintances have been involved have been found guilty of Identity Theft. According to studies, Identity theft involves three parties that include the victim, the perpetrator and the creditor. Victim is the person who fells prey of the criminal activities without any knowledge of it; the perpetrator is the individual who impersonates the victim, and executes identity theft, the perpetrator in many of the cases have the access to the information of the victim. The creditor is the personal who is familiar to both the perpetrator and the victim, the creditor support and develop the perpetrator plan. In some of the cases the fourth party is ‘the source of the personal information that is being abused’ (Whilk, 2003). Types of identity theft Pretexting Pretexting is considered to be one of the forms of Identity Theft; in this exercise one culprit impersonates the victim, ‘such that one calls under the pretext being that person’ (Richard, 2003). The exercise is normally performed to secure personal information that includes telephone records, and details of bank accounts. According to studies it has been observed that in many of the cases the4 victims are unable to detect their identity theft through pretexting. Credit Card fraud The evolution of internet has made it easier for the interested customers to avail deals through internet. Credit card facilities launched by several banks have tried to facilitate the customers, and have provided them with an easy opportunity to avail deals through electronic transaction via credit card. Unfortunately the sharing of information has often been leaked, and many of the cases of identity theft have been reported. According to study, ‘running up charges on another’s credit card, or passing checks of another, is a form of identity theft’. Identity theft is this case is practiced through appropriation of ‘the signature, account number, and other aspects of another’s identity’, the purpose of the entire exercise is to secure financial benefits on other expenses through unethical and illegal practice. New account fraud Identity theft has been reported through malpractices related to the opening of new accounts. In such case, the criminal uses the identity of the victim, and then after fulfilling the formalities of credit card companies borrow the money. Criminal identity theft In some of the cases it has been reported that criminals impersonate innocent people after their arrest, and have managed to escape successfully. In such cases, the innocent individual then has criminal record, and in some of the cases arrest warrants have also been issued. It has been researched that it is easier for the criminal to link their personality with the victim, and later manage to escape, however in the police records many such individuals are blacklisted who have reported their ignorance about the incident, and have proved their presence in foreign country at the time of criminal activity. Identity Theft as Abuse In the survey which was conducted in 2004, it was observed that domestic abuse has direct relationship with Identity Theft; it was observed that more than 15 percent reported that ‘they were also victims of domestic harassment and abuse from the perpetrator’. Identity theft is also conducted by the strangers, and in some of the cases organized criminal networks are involved in such practices. The identity theft is solely conducted to achieve economic gains through false identity, there it is expected that an authority with financial stability is likely to be the victim, ‘domestic violence is sometimes accompanied by economic abuse, such as controlling access to wealth or destruction of property’ (John, 2002). Much because it is difficult to trace the culprit involve in the identity theft, the practice is considered to be extremely lucrative for the abuser, where as the malpractice has ‘long lasting and debilitating’ (Robert, 2003) impact on the status, repute and character of the victim. The survey revealed that, ‘identity theft victims spend a median of one hundred hours rectifying the damage, and lose thousands of dollars in lost wages and other expenses’ (John, 2002), more than 50 percent of the victim have complained that they are subjected to repeated interrogations and false implications by the law agencies even after 2 years after the revelation of their identity theft, whereas as some reported that they are subjected to false implications for more than decade. According to the Stalking Resource Center at the National Center for the Victims of Crime, explained that ‘stalking as a course of conduct directed at a specific person when one knows or should know that the course of conduct would cause a reasonable person to fear for his or her safety or the safety of a third person; or suffer other emotional distress’ (Kristin, 2004), therefore stalking can be considered as a derivative of the stalking. The discussed surveillance, pretexting, and credit identity theft are directly related to stalking. Pretexting is not considered as an offence of extreme tribulation for the victim, the pretexter can only secure the right to access the accounts, and telephone record. Therefore the expected threats and damages through pretexter include the cancellation of the victim’s account, electric, gas and credit car accounts. However the cases of identity theft related to credit cards have subjected the victim under serious consequences. The survey report found that, ‘distress caused by credit identity theft is real, the victims report rage and anger; personal financial fears; fears for family financial safety; a sense of powerlessness and of feeling defiled’ (Kristin, 2004). Preventive Measures The measures to be necessarily adopted by the public to avoid any incident of victimization through identity theft include issuance of the credit report periodically. The public should also ensure that their credit limit is not too high, so that even in case of any manipulation the financial loss can be adjusted. The public should avail the scheme for the monitoring of their credit, through which unexpected financial dealings can be tracked. It has been learnt that Fair Credit Reporting Act has provided the public with an opportunity to place a fraud alert on their credit report, through such scheme the creditors have the right to access to verify their credit. References 1. Kristin Loberg. Identity Theft: How to Protect Your Name, Your Credit and Your Vital Information. Silver Lake Publishing. 2004. 2. Robert J. Hammond, Robert J. Hammond, Jr. Identity Theft: How to Protect Your Most Valuable Asset. Career Press. 2003. 3. John R. Vacca. Identity Theft. Career Press. 2002. 4. Whilk, Nathanael. Identity Theft: Preventing Consumer Terrorism: An Attitudinal Approach. Silver Lake Publishing 2003. 5. Richard M. Stana. Identity Theft: Prevalence & Cost Appear to Be Growing. Prentice Hall. 2003.